Facts: The Long Term Effects of Botox® Injections
The history of Botox® began when a toxin called Botulin was first discovered connected to a very rare form of a paralytic illness.
Last updated: September 2026
A “Botox® boob job” is the consumer nickname for injecting botulinum toxin into the pectoralis minor, the small muscle that sits beneath the pectoralis major on the front of the chest wall. The claim is that relaxing it produces a subtle breast lift without surgery. It is one of the questions patients bring into aesthetic practices most often, and one of the few in our Botox® Library where the honest answer is that the evidence simply is not there.
That gap matters more here than it does for a facial treatment. The pectoralis minor is not a superficial facial muscle you can map by palpation and surface anatomy landmarks. It lies over the ribs, directly on top of the brachial plexus and the axillary vessels, and reaching it safely is a chest-wall procedure — not an aesthetic one.
This guide sets out what a Botox® boob job actually involves, what the published literature does and does not support, the dosing and technique figures that exist, and the safety case every practice owner should weigh before putting it on a menu.
The pectoralis minor is a small, triangular muscle that originates on ribs three to five (with common variation onto ribs two to four) and inserts on the coracoid process of the shoulder blade. It sits beneath the much larger pectoralis major. Its job is to pull the shoulder blade forward and down.
The proposal behind the procedure is straightforward. Chemically relax the pectoralis minor, and the muscles that oppose it — principally the rhomboids and middle trapezius — act unopposed, drawing the shoulder blades back and down. The shoulders roll open, the chest opens with them, and the breasts appear to sit higher.
Notice what that mechanism does and does not claim. It changes the position of the shoulder girdle. It does nothing to breast volume, breast tissue, skin laxity or the position of the nipple-areolar complex. A patient who is told she will get a lift and understands that to mean a change to her breasts has been mis-sold, regardless of what the toxin does to her posture.
This is the distinction to hold onto: a surgical breast lift repositions breast tissue. A Botox® boob job, at best, repositions the frame the breast hangs on. It is closer to what a good physiotherapist achieves with postural work than to what a plastic surgeon achieves with a mastopexy.
That framing also explains the natural ceiling on the result. Postural change is subtle, it varies between patients depending on how much of their forward-shoulder posture is muscular versus structural, and it is invisible in a photograph taken from the front. Patients expecting a visible cup-size change will not get one.
There is a useful precedent for the pattern. Masseter treatment for jawline slimming is also an off-label, large-muscle application of toxin — but it has an accumulating evidence base, a published dosing range, a superficial and palpable target, and a visible endpoint. The chest application has none of those four things.
Botulinum toxin and the chest wall is not an empty research field. It is simply that the published work is about therapy and surgery, not cosmetics. Here is where the literature actually sits.
| Application | What the published evidence shows | Quality |
|---|---|---|
| Cosmetic breast lift | No clinical study appears in the indexed literature. No dosing standard, no outcome measure, no duration data. | None |
| Pectoralis minor syndrome | 13 patients, single ultrasound-guided injection of 50 IU per muscle; four needed a second injection at one month; clinical stability held at three and six months. | Observational cohort |
| Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome | 15 publications, only one randomised controlled trial. Ultrasound- or EMG-guided injections that included the pectoralis minor tended to give greater symptom improvement. Most studies rated low quality. | Systematic review |
| Breast surgery adjunct | 12 studies, 496 patients, doses 20–100 units. Significantly less post-operative opioid use, significantly less severe animation deformity, greater tissue-expansion volume per visit, no increase in infection or seroma. | Systematic review & meta-analysis |
Read that table as a whole and the picture is clear. Injecting toxin near the chest is well described when the goal is pain, spasm or nerve compression, and when it is done under imaging by clinicians who do chest-wall procedures routinely. What has never been described is doing it to make a breast look lifted.
Because there is no cosmetic protocol, any practice considering this procedure would be borrowing technique from the therapeutic literature. Those figures are worth knowing, if only to understand the scale of what is being proposed.
A 2023 cadaveric study mapped where the nerve supply actually arborises inside the muscle, which is the part of the anatomy that determines whether an injection works. The authors divided the pectoralis minor into twelve regions and found the intramuscular nerve branching concentrated in the proximal three-quarters — their “C region” — present in every specimen they examined for two of the three C zones.
Their practical guidance: inject above the second and third ribs, where those ribs intersect a 45-degree line drawn through the medial third of the clavicle; use two or more low-dose points rather than one bolus; and avoid the nerve entry zone to reduce the risk of direct nerve injury. Blind dye injection at those landmarks was accurate in 14 of 15 cadavers — and the authors still recommended ultrasound guidance, because in a living patient it is difficult to be confident the toxin has gone into the pectoralis minor and not an adjacent muscle.
That last sentence is the one to sit with. A cadaveric study with a 93% hit rate still concludes that you should be using ultrasound.
A 2026 case report describes a 43-year-old man who received botulinum toxin into the left pectoralis muscle group and developed acute chest pain and breathlessness, then a large pneumothorax with mediastinal shift. A chest tube was placed. The pneumothorax recurred overnight on CPAP, forcing ICU transfer, a failed intubation requiring cricothyrotomy, an 11-minute cardiac arrest, tracheostomy and bilateral large-bore chest tubes. The final chest tube came out on day 10. He was discharged after 31 days to long-term acute care.
One case report does not establish an incidence rate. What it does do is retire the argument that too few of these procedures have been performed for anyone to know the risk. The risk is anatomical, it was predictable, and it is now documented.
Three structures sit in or immediately beneath the target zone:
On top of the anatomy, every botulinum toxin product carries a boxed warning for distant spread of toxin effect — swallowing and breathing difficulties that can occur hours to weeks after injection, and that are more likely with larger doses in larger muscles. A bilateral chest treatment near 100 units is a larger dose than most aesthetic injectors ever administer in a single session. Injectors who want to think carefully about dose-related adverse effects will find the same principles at work in eyelid ptosis after Botox®, where diffusion beyond the target muscle is the whole story.
The current page-level advice most practices give for facial treatment applies here with more force, because the dose is bigger and the target is next to the lung:
Reported pricing has sat around $1,500 per treatment, well above a facial appointment. Once you know the dosing figures, that number stops looking arbitrary: a bilateral treatment approaching 100 units is roughly four to five times the product used in a standard glabellar treatment, before you account for chair time and, if it is being done properly, imaging.
Patients researching this online are typically told it lasts four to five months. No cosmetic duration has ever been published. The nearest anchors are therapeutic: clinical stability at three and six months in the pectoralis minor syndrome cohort, and roughly six to seven months of benefit in a 2026 CT-guided case. Quoting a duration to a cosmetic patient means extrapolating from a different indication in a different population — which should be said out loud during consultation.
Off-label prescribing is lawful and routine in medicine. It is not the same as unsupported prescribing, and the distinction is what protects a practice. Off-label use of a well-studied application — where peer-reviewed dosing and outcome data exist and the label simply has not caught up — is a different risk profile from a procedure with no efficacy literature at all.
A Botox® boob job is the second kind. If a practice chooses to offer it anyway, the consent conversation has to carry that weight honestly: no published efficacy data, no established dose, a postural rather than a breast effect, a documented serious complication, and an off-label indication. It also has to sit squarely inside the injector's scope — a question worth settling in advance, since what nurse practitioners can and cannot inject varies considerably by state, and a chest-wall procedure is not the place to discover a grey area.
For most practices, the better answer to a patient who asks about this is a clear explanation of why it is not offered. That conversation builds more trust than the treatment would have earned, and it usually opens onto treatments that are supported.
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No. BOTOX® Cosmetic’s approved cosmetic indications are glabellar lines, lateral canthal lines, forehead lines and platysma bands. There is no approved indication anywhere on the chest or breast, so any injection of the pectoralis minor for cosmetic purposes is off-label use.
There is no published clinical study showing that botulinum toxin lifts or enlarges the breast. The proposed mechanism relaxes the pectoralis minor so the scapular retractors pull the shoulders back. That is a change in posture, which can make the chest sit higher — not a change to the breast itself.
We cannot quote a cosmetic dose, because none has been published. The nearest clinical figure comes from pectoralis minor syndrome, where a single ultrasound-guided injection of 50 international units per muscle is typical. Treating both sides at that dose approaches 100 units, which is why the procedure is priced far above a facial treatment.
No cosmetic duration has been published. In therapeutic pectoralis minor injection, patients stayed clinically stable at three and six months in one cohort, and a 2026 case report described benefit sustained for roughly six to seven months. Any cosmetic duration quoted to a patient is an extrapolation from that therapeutic data.
The muscle lies directly over ribs two through four and immediately superficial to the brachial plexus and axillary vessels. A 2026 case report describes a large pneumothorax with mediastinal shift after botulinum toxin injection into the pectoralis muscle group, requiring chest tubes, a failed intubation, cricothyrotomy, cardiac arrest and a 31-day hospital admission. All botulinum toxin products also carry a boxed warning for distant spread of toxin effect.
That is a risk decision, not a marketing one. There is no efficacy evidence, no cosmetic dosing standard, a published serious complication, and a chest-wall target that most aesthetic injectors are not trained or equipped to reach under ultrasound. Most practices are better served offering evidence-supported treatments and explaining to interested patients why this one is not on the menu.
A Botox® boob job is not a scam so much as an overreach. The anatomy behind it is real, the postural effect is plausible, and injecting this muscle is a legitimate therapeutic procedure in the right hands with the right imaging. What does not exist is any evidence that it does the cosmetic job patients are buying — and what now does exist is a published account of how badly a chest-wall injection can go.
Knowing where the evidence runs out is as much a clinical skill as knowing where to place a needle, and it is what separates a practice patients trust from one that follows trends. If you want to build that judgement on a foundation of proper technique, IAPAM’s hands-on Botox® training covers facial anatomy, injection technique, dosing and complication management with board-certified physician instructors at our Scottsdale, Arizona clinic.
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References
Disclaimer: This guide is for informational and educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Treatment plans, injection techniques, and dosing must be tailored to each patient by a qualified, licensed provider. Always follow product labeling, your scope of practice, and your state medical and nursing board regulations. Botox® is a registered trademark of AbbVie Inc.
Medical Spa Business Expert · Founder & Executive Director
Jeff is the founder and Executive Director of IAPAM. Since 2004 he has built seven companies, including a medical spa, and has personally taught more than 10,000 healthcare providers how to open and run their own practices. He is the best-selling author of Secrets to a Successful Practice and Fire Yourself First®.
View all posts by Jeff →The history of Botox® began when a toxin called Botulin was first discovered connected to a very rare form of a paralytic illness.
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